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Comparative Analysis of Used Oil Purification From an Environmental Point of View

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GlobeCore oil purification equipment restores used oil to its original condition as well as eliminating the need for hazardous waste collection and disposal.  The threat of a man made disaster prompts people to take protective measures to improve the environmental situation in which they work.  One of the primary measures is to prevent used lubricating oils from being discharged into the environment including landfills, lakes, rivers and oceans.

In practical terms, the service life of oil may be extended by using several  different methods of used oil regeneration.  Some methods however, are not eco-friendly and this fact should be taken into consideration when choosing a method of used oil regeneration.

The main operational principle of oil processing equipment is based on the following widespread waste-recycling processes:

  • Sulphuric Acid refining;
  • Adsorption refining;
  • Hydrogen refining;
  • Selective refining;
  • Thin film evaporation; and
  • Ultra filtration.

Sulfuric Acid Refining consists in using sulfuric acid as the main reagent. It inter-reacts with unwanted impurities (asphalt-resinous substances and non-saturated compounds) which along with the unreacted acid settle down, forming acid sludge.

Such valuable components as naphthenes do not inter-react with acid and will be washed away by alkali water (NaOH) after the acid sludge is removed.  Alkali water helps to neutralize the residues of acid and acid sludge.  At the final stage, the oil is washed by water and then water is removed.

From an environmental point of view, acid sludge is considered to be a very hazardous waste. It contains asphalt-resinous substances, organics, products of unsaturated carbon polymerization and sulfuric acid (may constitute as much as 70%).  It makes no economic sense to use acid sludge, so it is stored up in special retention ponds without being disposed. It is therefore, acid sludge accumulation that poses a great danger to the environment.

Another disadvantage is that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and high-toxic chlorine compounds are not removed from used oils during sulfuric acid refining.

Adsorption Refining is carried out by:

  • Contact method (oil is blended with grinded adsorbent);
  • Percolation method (oil is run through the adsorbent);
  • Counter-flow method (counter-flow of oil and adsorbent).

Contact refining is widespread at many companies in the USA.  It is preceded by driving off water and fuel fractions.  Activated clay serves as a sorbent. This process is trouble-free and provides for obtaining stable and high-quality basic oils.  They may be blended with new oils with necessary additives being added.

This method has the following disadvantages:

(1)    No possibility to control viscosity and boiling ranges; and

(2)    High volume oil loss when in contact with the sorbent.

Hydrogen Refining

Hydrogen refining is performed under pressure of 2 Mpa with the help of catalysts and hydrogen at temeratures of between 380º and 400ºC.  The sorbents are used to protect the catalysts from the contaminated oil.

In modern industry, oil hydrogenation is been used more often since it is more eco-friendly in comparison with sulfuric acid and adsorption refining.

Selective Solvent Refining

Dissolvent, required to carry out solvent refining, is able to dissolve unwanted impurities while at the some time not hraming or dissolving the useful oil components.  It is therefore, the reason this type of refining is called “selective.”

Chemical components such as furfurol and phenol are applied to dissolve impurities.  Phenol refining, as well as acid-base refining, adsorption or hydrogen refining does not remove solid hydrocarbons.

Thin Film Evaporation

Thin film evaporation, as a method of motor oil purification, has enjoyed widespread popularity since it was introduced many years ago.  This kind of refining consists of separating products that are temperature-sensitive, viscous or have high molecular weight or a high boiling point.

Ultra Filtration

Ultra filtration is a relatively new refining method.  Oil is filtered at molecular level through special membranes.  Such an approach however, has not gained widespread industry acceptance while purifying used oils.

There is no doubt that the most methods listed above have been designed from an environmental point of view.  Not all of them however, are able to prevent contamination that results from usage of reagents during regeneration.

Methods that require sulfuric acid to process oil are considered very dangerous though this method has enjoyed a widespread acceptance.  It is applied together with vacuum distillation, propane treatment, furfural and sorbents that eliminate acid sludge.

Methods based on a hydrogenation processes are considered to be the cleanest ones.  As a rule, they are used at the final stage of used oil purification.

In practical terms, hydrogen refining is used after thin-film evaporation. The GlobeCore technology is eco-friendly.

GlobeCore oil purification equipment is designed to ensure the high quality of regenerated oils as well as the elimination of hazardous waste being placed into the biosphere.

GlobeCore thinks not only about your profit, but about the future of your children as well!

Intermediate Container as an Innovation of the CFU Units

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In December 2014, GlobeCore started  to equip the existing mobile oil stations with an intermediate container.

GlоbeCоre has developed and implemented a new model of the CFU unit line to meet the needs of companies that have a lot of tanks with contaminated oil in their production shops.  Due to an additional intermediate container, all contaminated oil may be collected in one place to be filtered.

GlobeCore mobile oil stations, designated as CFU, are designed to remove mechanical impurities from insulating and lubricating oils.  To meet an individual customer’s order, CFU units may be fitted with filters of as much as four square meters per hour capacity (4m3) to remove  moisture.

Transformer Oil Recondition with Fuller’s Earth Equipment

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GlobeCore introduces transformer oil purification units in the CMM-R line to meet the needs of companies, involved in the generation, transmission and distribution of electric power.
The CMM-R line mobile oil filtration units from GlobeCore provide for the service life extension of transformers,  circuit breakers, and other oil-filled equipment since they restore dielectric strength and chemical composition of insulating oils.

It is essential to ensure the stability and performance characteristics of transformer oil since oil is constantly deteriorating and is influenced by high temperatures, atmospheric oxygen, electrical fields, metals and solid insulation.  Over time, transformer oil turns from a dielectric insulator into a conductor at low voltages which is unacceptable for proper transformer performance.  Once the oil becomes contaminated, it can no longer fulfill its functions and, as a result, becomes unfit for further useas a dielectric insulting fluid.

It is therefore, recommended to use GlobeCore’s mobile oil purificaton stations instead of buying new oil and seeking for ways to dispose of the used oil.

In the oil filtration units, oil is passed through the special sorbent, called Fuller’s Earth that allows for “Molecular Filtration” due to its microporous structure.  Mechanical impurities and products of oil degradation are soaked up by the sorbent granules.  Once the sorbent becomes saturated, the CMM-R units automatically switche to “Sorbent Reactivation” mode where impurities are removed from the sorbent material and exhausted to the special collecting tank and carbon canister.

The CMM-R line has been proved to be very efficient in practice.  The loss tangent of the oil, processed with GlobeCore equipment, is significantly reduced and meets the rated value of the fresh product after the regeneration operations are completed.

GlobeCore equipment may be either purchased from stock, or custom-made. The in-stock mobile oil degassing stations can be bought directly from the warehouse.  GlobeCore’s final assembly facilities are located in Oldenburg, Germany.  Any customized unit will be made within 45 days.
Usually, the CMM-R units are started up and run for about a week before being shipped.  Our specialists will help you to start up the mobile oil purificaton station as well as train your staff.

Once you read this, it means that you might be:

(1) the owner or CEO of a power company.   You are tired of spending much money on recycling of waste oil and purchasing new transformer oil.  You are eager to get effective solutions that will reduce your operating costs and increase profits;

(2)  you are a manager of procurment department.  You have to please the directors by finding the best deals or establishing and keeping trust relationships with suppliers.  In this regard, GlobeCore has the best solution for you:  After many years of doing business, our company has established both corporate and personal relationships with our customers;

(3) you are an engineer that services oil-filled equipment.  After having performed an oil analysis, you have determined that the performance characteristics of the transformer are below the acceptable standards, but you still want to ensure the continued smooth operation of your equipment.  Then you need to purchase one or more of the GlobeCore CMM-R mobile oil stations.  We provide maintenance services, have a warehouse of spare parts and we are always ready to help you.

Let’s check whether you need a GlobeCore mobile oil purificaton station:

  • You want to solve the problem of used oil disposal;
  • You want to save costs on purchasing new transformer oil; and
  • You want the quality of reclaimed transformer oil to comply with  recognized rules and regulations and to serve equipment for much longer than one year.

If you agree with the statements listed above then you are on the right path to the GlobeCore Servoce Life Extention Program utilizing the GlobeCore Process!

The GlobeCore CMM-R mobile oil recondition unit will help you to solve your long term preventive maintenance problems.  The following is the list of the benefits of the GlobeCore mobile oil units:

(1) They come in different design versions: general industry frame (European standards), containerized, mounted on a trailer (two or three-axle trailer), with several different optional arrangements of doors;

(2) may be equipped with an operator’s workstation to meet the customer’s needs;

(3) can be fitted with  (I) additional devices to monitor the oil level in the transformer, (II) generator to provide autonomous operation, (III) inhibition block to add special additives to transformer oil after regeneration.

(4) short delivery terms;

(5) competitive price;

(6) possibility to be trained  by a skilled engineer before purchasing the equipment and during its maintenance.

(7) constituent parts by leading world manufacturers;

(8) the characteristics of reclaimed oil fully comply with the recognized international standards and regulations;

(9) no used oil storage;

(10) cost saving;

(11) low energy consumption;

(12) automated technological processes; and

(13) optional sound and heat insulation;

Reading all this information, you may have the following questions:

(1) For how many years is it possible to extend the service life of transformers by applying the GlobeCore Process to my oil filled electrical  equipment?

The CMM-R units allow equipment owners to extend the service life of a typical transformer between 20 to 35 years.

(2) Do I need to pump out oil from the transformer before regeneration?

No, it is not necessary.  One of the primary benefits of the CMM-R units is that oil processing may be performed on the energized transformer.

(3) Why do I need to use your equipment if I can use the old transformer oil in other units that need lower performance characteristics of dielectric fluid?

Sure, you can, but it won’t solve the problem of its disposal.

(4) Is it possible to use another sorbent instead of Fuller’s Earth?

Yes, it is. The GlobeCore’s CMM-R units successfully operate using other sorbents.  But, Fuller’s earth can be reactivated during transformer oil processing so there is no need to unload and reload sorbent during the processing job.

(5) How long will the Fuller’s Earth last? 

About 300 cycles which is equal to between 1.5 to 3 years of operation depending on the amount of oil process and the overall amount of contamination.  Additionally, regeneration of oil, performed on the GlobeCore’s units allow for loss tangent reduction.

(6) And what about the acid number? 

The acid number is also reduced to the specific values.  The values of these and other performance characteristics of transformer oil before and after regeneration are defined in the table below.

Modern Views of Industrial Oil Filtration

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What Are the Types of Industrial Oil?

Industrial oils include a great amount of different oil products such as:

•    motor oils (oils for gasoline- or diesel-powered engines);
•    oils for air-engine;
•    transmission oils;
•    hydraulic oils
•    fuel oils (turbine, insulating, compressor oils); and
•    industrial oils.

Depending on the purposes and the application area, each type of oil performs different functions.  In general, insulating fluids are intended to isolate, reject heat and to quench an arc in electrical appliances.  Industrial Oils are used to lubricate working parts of industrial machines, transfer heat from one system to another, reduce the wear and friction rate as well as transfer heat.  Motor Oils serve as the lubricants for piston and rotary internal combustion engines and perform many of the same tasks as industrial oils.

Oil Filtration: Major Motives

The statistics show that about 80% of all oil-filled equipment failures are caused by contamination of industrial oils.  In general, oil is contaminated by such substances as dust, metal chips, rubber crumbs, sand, and other undesireable contaminants.  Particles of less than 2 microns (resin or oxidation products) constitute the greatest danger to the operation of high tech equipment.  Water that got into oil from the atmosphere or by condensation can result in corrosion, rapid wear and accelerated aging of oil. As a result, the operational reliability of machines and their parts are reduced significantly.

To prevent such undesirable consequences, the qualitative performance characteristics of oil should be regularly tested to determine if there are mechanical impurities.  Oil is recommended to be tested both before filling the equipment and during maintenance of the equipment using special devices.  If the performance characteristics turn out to be below the acceptable level, it is recommended to carry out a preventive filtration or what is commonlu referred to as “Oil Processing.”

Oil Filter Classification

Oil filters are divided into different groups according toa very specific classification criteria.  There are built-in and stand-alone filters depending on the place they are mounted.  The built-in filters are mounted into the main part of the oil system and for the most part operate under high pressure.  Accordingly, the stand-alone filters function separately from the oil/lubricating system.
Depending on the application, there are metallic, paper and fiberglass filters.  Metallic Filters work according to the principle of surface filtration.  Usually, they are made of stainless steel that makes it possible to apply them when working with hydraulic and lubricating oils.  The filtration fineness is between 25 and 80 microns.

Paper Filters are used for deep filtration and the filtration fineness is between 10 and 25 microns.
Fiberglass Filters also work according to the principle of deep filtration.  This type of filter distinguishes itself through a high dirt-holding capacity and good filtration fineness even under heavy pressure.

Disposable and non-disposable filters have obtained a wide circulation and popularity in industry. Disposable filters are used so the filtered oil will meet the desired purity class.  When the filter is no longer able to filter oil, it should be replaced with a new one.

The difference between disposable and non-disposable filters is that when non-disposable filters become saturated with contaminants, they are not replaced but cleaned of impurities.  The disadvantage of such an approach is that filters may need frequent cleaning.  It is also worth mentioning that modern filters are not able to remove impurities with the size of between 1 and 5 microns though they constitute about 70% of all possible impurities.  Even so, filters are much in demand at small machine and tractor stations or service stations.  Such methods of cleaning is unprofitable for medium and large industries: the more used oil they have the more expensive the cost of replacing and/or cleaning the filters becomes.

But there exists an optimal and profitable solution!

GlobeCore has developed its CFU line of units to solve the problem of industrial oil filtration.  Such substances as mechanical impurities, carbon black, water-soluble acids, and alkalis are removed from industrial oils by the GlobeCore CFU units.

The following is the list of benefits of using GlobeCore’s filtration and processing equipment:

•    reduces the wear and extends the service life of oil and oil-filled equipment;
•    increases the time necessary between periodic testing;
•    reduces the amount of unscheduled downtime of equipment;
•    increases productivity;
•    preserves oil’s performance characteristics; and
•    reduces the negative impact on the environment.

Being mobile, GlobeCore’s equipment allows for industrial oil processing directly at the remote operating sites.

It is worth mentioning that all benefits listed above contribute to significant cost reductions.

What Is the Best Method to Purify Oil?

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There is no doubt that the machine and tractor stations or facilities that service oil-filled equipment always have to cope with the problem of used oil storage and disposal.  Generally, oil serves  as an insulating or lubricating fluid.

Dielectric transformer oil is used in the oil-filled electric power transformer, while motor, transmission, gear, hydraulic and industrial oils are mainly used in machines that have moving working parts that require lubricating oils and fluids.

It is clear that during its useful service life, any oil product loses its original characteristics.  The following is the list of the reasons for oil contamination:

(1)    extreme operating conditions such as high temperatures or impact load; and

(2)    impurities that get into oil during transportation or storage or as the result of the oxidation process.

Very often the impurities, accumulated in the oil, make it unfit for use before the end of the oil’s expected service life.  Undoubtedly, facilities and oil users have to seek ways to cope with this problem.  It makes no economic sense therefore, to purchase new oil each time because of the significant cost and labor involved.  Additionally, it may be troublesome for some enterprises to collect and store the used oil since it is prohibited to discharge it into the soil or water. An amazing fact, but true: One liter of motor oil is able to contaminate about a million liters of drinking water and render it undrinkable.

Every year, businesses and facilities generate millions of tons of industrial waste and the failure to manage this waste has the potential to cause a global environmental disaster.   The collection of waste will not contribute to the solution of this problem because the majority of enterprises do not have special storage areas for used oils.  Additionally, it is very expensive to deliver the used oil to used oil processors.  It is therefore, necessary to find new and revolutionary solutions with financial gains and reduced environmental risks.

So, the most optimal solution to this problem is to remove mechanical impurities and restore performance characteristics of the oil without the need to replace the oil.  According to the recognized classification that exists today, all mechanical impurities are divided into such groups as:

(1)    physical;

(2)    chemical; and

(3)    physico-chemical.

Unfortunately, there is no universal method of oil purification that is capable of removing all types of impurities.  We will consider therefore, all possible  purification methods that are applied to remove the particular types of impurities.

Water, gasses and mechanical impurities should be removed to restore the performance characteristics of the oil.  The reduction of the acid number takes place if oil product has been in service for many years without any type of purification processing.

Water Removal. Water may be removed from the oil by centrifugal purification, adsorption purification, and thermal-vacuum drying.  From a technical point of view, the centrifugal purification is driven by high powered centrifuges.  This purification method consists of separating different fractions of non-homogeneous mixtures when exposed to centrifugal force.  Perhaps one of the undeniable benefits of this type of purification is its relatively high water removal rate.

There are also some potential disadvantages that you should be aware of:

•    low purification rate;
•    the complexity of equipment and low operational reliability of the centrifuges; and
•    operator presence system.

Adsorption Purification is based on the ability of some substances to take up water and other impurities.  Though this method is characterized by a mostly trouble-free operation, it has the following disadvantages:

•    the need to dispose of adsorbers harmful to the environment;
•    high-quality inlet oil; and
•    low productive capacity.

Thermal-Vacuum Drying consists of separating water and oil because of their different boiling temperatures. The watery oil is supplied to the special low-pressure container where water evaporates at ambient temperature.

The following is a list of the advantages of thermo-vacuum drying:

•    high purification rate (up to 10 g/t);
•    high operational reliability and easy-to-use equipment; and
•    automated process.

A relatively small water removal rate is considered to be the only disadvantage of this method of purification.   Additionally, thermal-vacuum purification is also applied to remove gasses.

Removal of Mechanical Impurities.  Mechanical impurities, also known as particulate matter, can be removed after being subjected to centrifugal force.  Generally, not only mechanical impurities but also water is removed during this kind of purification that makes this method very widespread in industry.

Disadvantages of this method include:

•    purified oil product meets only 12-13 purity class; and
•    it is a labor intensive purification process.

Filtration is the method that has enjoyed a wide popularity in modern industry.  Based on the disposable filter, it ensures a high rate of purification, but needs to be replaced very often and may result in significant financial expenditures.  As an alternative, there are re-usable filters, though they will require regular cleaning. The acidity of oil may be reduced by applying adsorption purification.

GlobeCore  is an industry leader in manufacturing and supplying equipment for purification and regeneration of transformer, industrial, turbine, transmission and other types of oil products, including stove and diesel fuels.

GlobeCore’s equipment has been successfully operated in more than 70 countries of the world.  The fact that GlobeCore branded equipment successfully combines different methods of oil product purification shows it to have the best advantages that include:

•    high purification rate (10g/t –water, 0.1 % – gases);
•    simple design, high operational reliability and good endurance;
•  years of  trouble-free operation. The units can be operated both in automatic and semi-automatic modes to reduce the need of operator intervention;
•    Compact in size. All the units are mobile so that they are convenient to transport from one place to another; and
•    Eco-friendliness. The need to dispose of the exhausted Fuller’s Earth is reduced due to the Fuller’s earth regeneration mode that allows for Fuller’s earth reactivation directly in the equipment.

Industrial Oils and Purification

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Industrial oils are used as a lubricant reducing friction and wear of parts and components in various industrial machines.  The main functions of this type of oil is anti-corrosion protection, dissipation of heat from friction parts, removal of contaminants and reduction of foaming.

Industrial oils can also be used as the base for hydraulic fluid, as well as grease, that extends durability and service life of industrial equipment.

Despite the fact that practically all industrial oils are thoroughly tested in laboratories before dispatch to the user, the oils will become contaminated during use and operation.  Industrial oil, just as with any other oil, can become contaminated by atmospheric oxygen, water and particulate matter.  Interaction with aggressive media may accelerate oil oxidation that is accompanied by the accumulation of even more unwanted contaminants in the oil.

Saturation of oil by contaminants degrades the oil’s performance.  Due to aging and contamination,  industrial oils lose the ability to efficiently dissipate heat and protect equipment from corrosion.

It would seem that the aging process is natural and nothing can be done about it except replacing the used oil with new and disposing of the old oil.  A practical operator however, will be concerned by the additional costs of used oil disposal, as well as the frequent cost of oil changes.

Fortunately, aging of oil is not all that critical with the advent of modern additives and oil processing equipment.  The aging process therefore, can be significantly slowed and the service life of the lubricating oil can be significantly extended.

It is however, necessary to regularly take oil samples to know and understand the oil’s condition and to detect and identify the contaminants degrading the performance of the oil and to purify the oil in a timely manner.

GlobeCore is one of the leading manufacturers and suppliers of industrial, turbine and dielectric insulating oil purification systems.

The CMM-CM type units and  CFU-M filter carts made by GlobeCore are successfully operated in more than 70 countries around the world.  They are efficient for the purification and regeneration of industrial oils.

The ability to purify and regenerate industrial oil was made possible by using modern technologies and maximizing and customizing the processing operations for the individual client.

The CMM-CM units are designed for removal for water and solid particles from oil by using a special zeolite sorbent and subsequent reactivation of this sorbent in the system.

The CFU-M filtration carts are designed for removal of solid particles from industrial oil.  These units can purify the product in one cycle.

Both types are simple in service and operation and facilitate a significant extention of industrial oil service life cycle.

How to Check Oil While Diagnosing Machine Equipment

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The service life of modern manufacturing equipment is 60% determined by oil quality.  A wide range of negative factors that influence machine oil includes:

  1. temperature;
  2. environment;
  3. chemical interaction with other materials; and
  4. electrical fields (for dielectric oils).

If oil has lost its protective properties, it will affect the engine (namely the wear rate will increase).  You should filter oil to prevent such negative consequences.

The GlоbeCоre mobile oil stations are used for oil filtration.  They have the following performance characteristics: (1) energy efficiency; (2) cost-effectiveness and (3) a high-quality filtration process.

But, how will we know that oil needs filtration?  An incomplete oil filtration process may result in great finance expenditures.  It is therefore, a systematic monitoring of oil that is needed to detect changes of the oil’s performance characteristics.

There are two different ways of oil monitoring that depend on the kind of oil the operators want to examine.  It is therefore, desirable to follow recogized international standards concerning each specific oil type when the quality of initial oil product is to be tested and analyzed.

Regonized international standards specify the necessary performance characteristics of oil such as: (1) viscosity; (2) ignition temperature; (2) flash temperature, and (3) total base number.

The second way of testing oil is applied when you want to check the quality of oil that has been already used for some period of time.  In this case, you may also rely on parameters outlined in the international standards.  There are also other possible ways of checking the used oil.  The “tribodiagnostic” process  allows the operator to check the condition of machinery without overhaul or disassembly through the use of oil analysis.  This method however, has not gained widespread acceptance and is mostly used when examining and servicing gas-turbine engines.  The tribodiagnostic consists of the assessment of the composition and the concentration of wear products in oil using special devices (e.g. spectrometer).

The ferrography is used to determine the wear type and friction rate of the machinery.  This process consists of analysing the particle size distribution, their surface condition and the materials they are composed of.

The advantage of this method is that it can be used when working with magnetic as well as non-magnetic materials (graphite, bronze, aluminum, brass, etc.).  Infrared (IR) spectroscopy allows the operators to receive information about such important oil specifications as water content, base number, acid number, soot content, additives, and oxidation products.

The proper sampling is no less important than the analysis itself since the wrong sample may lead to an incorrect diagnosis of the equipment.

Industrial Oil: Wholesale or Retail?

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The volume of oil required to be purchased is defined by the needs of the company or the facility.  Normally, a large amount of oil is purchased wholesale, while a smaller amount needed for the replacement of oil fir one or several machines, is usually purchased retail.

Based on price, it would seem that wholesale purchases are better for your company financially.  The price of a large batch of oil per liter purchased wholesale will be lower than purchasing smaller retail volumes pre liter.

There are however, problems with large amounts of oil.  Wholesale volumes of oil must be stored somewhere. Industrial oil is obviously sensitive to various contaminants such as water, particulate matter and other unwanted contaminants.  Apart from allotting storage facilities, the oil also requires constant monitoring of purity and and water content.

Purity of industrial oil purchased wholesale or in smaller retail batches can be ensured by two methods:

  • Prevention of contamination in storage; and
  • Purification of contaminated oil.

Both include a whole range of measures.  As stated above, purity of industrial oil can be ensured by prevention or purification, but the best results are achieved by combining the two.  This also allows savings of money since preventive measures require quite less investment than actual purification and regeneration.

Prevention alone however, cannot maintain industrial oil’s purity in the long run.  It requires a complex approach to transportation and storage using the following equipment:

  • air-tight tanks;
  • equipment made from non-corroding materials;
  • correct temperature in storage and transportation;
  • and the use of inert gases to fill gas space.

This increases the cost of prevention.  The goal therefore, is to reduce the amount of contaminants as much as possible in the oil going to purification devices, which finalize the required purity of the product.

The following systems from GlobeCore GmbH are recommended for the purification and regeneration of industrial oil:

●      Mobile oil unit CММ-1.7 CM;
●      Mobile oil unit CММ-3.5 CM;
●      Mobile oil unit CММ-5 CM;
●      Filter cart CFU-0.8М;
●      Filter cart CFU-1.7М, (CFU-4).

Industrial Oil Sales: Preserving the Oil’s Performance Characteristics

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So, you have decided to sell industrial oil?  Let’s assume that you already have found a storage facility for the product.  One thing remains however, knowing what the consumer needs and how to provide that need.

Besides better terms of supply, lower price, and various discounts, the client is mostly interested in the quality of the product.  Industrial oil quality in our case.  The quality is a combination of many parameters and characteristics that must not fall below regulated specifications during storage, transportation and operation.

Let us look into the characteristics, which define the quality of industrial oil and are important for the client’s choice:

  • Viscosity.  This is the first thing to consider about oil.  It is very important for the use of the majority of industrial oils.  When friction parts are designed and calculated, the parameter taken into consideration is the dynamic viscosity of the oil.  This is a regulated parameter of all oil made from crude base stock.  Dynamic viscosity used be defined at between 50ºС/122ºF and 100ºС/212ºF. That has changed and now all measurements are made according to ISO 3448-75 (instead of measuring viscosity at 50ºС/122ºF, the reference temperature is now 40ºС/104ºF).  When choosing industrial oil, the buyer usually considers three critical viscosity values: optimal at working temperature, minimal at maximum working temperature and maximum at the lowest working temperature;
  • Pour Point. This parameter is defined by testing a sample of the oil.  The Pour Point is the lowest temperature that the oil will continue to flow.  This temperature does not entirely indicate the dynamics of the oil in operating conditions at low temperatures.  That is shown better by actual viscosity at a given temperature. To reduce the pour point of industrial oil, it is mixed with special additives. This parameter is meaningful to the buyer planning his storage operations, dispatch, and draining and for using the oil in low temperature environments;
  • Flashpoint. This is the temperature at which the vapor of the oil can form a flammable mixture with the air. It defines the relative fire hazard of the oil and shows the presence of volatile fractions within it.  It is measured in special open or closed type devices;
  • Ash content. This parameter indicates the amount of non-organic contaminants left after burning a sample of the industrial oil. It is expressed in percentage of weight.  If ash content of oil without additives is too high, it indicates insufficient purification.  In most cases, ash content of industrial oil is from 0.002% to 0.4%;
  • Content of particulate matter, solvents, water, water-soluble acids and bases. This indication is extremely important in controlling the oil quality after production as well as determination of its further usability.  Mobile oil purification units for treatment and regeneration of oil can significantly increase the service life of the oil and improve reliability of machinery;

In practice, GlobeCore products are used for the purification and regeneration of industrial oil.

  • Color.  The color is a visual indication of the purity of industrial oil.  It also allows the buyer to make a judgment on the oil’s origins.  Keep in mind that some additives can make the oil darker.  If the color of the oil changes during use however, this is an indirect indication of its oxidation and/or contamination;
  • Acid number. Knowing this important neutralization number allows the buyer to determine the oil’s purity as well as the stability in use and in storage.  Additives can increase the acidity of the oil, but can also increase the stability of oil for long term use and storage;
  • Sulfur content.  The amount of sulfur initially depends on the amount of sulfur in the crude base stock the oil was blended from and the degree of purification and refinement.  After purification of industrial oils made from sour crude, sulfur remains in the oil in organic compounds and under normal conditions does not cause corrosion of metals.  Sulfur may become aggressive in elevated temperatures.  The content of sulfuric compounds is higher in oil with additives. This is due to the fact that additives containing sulfur are mixed with industrial oil to increase their lubrication qualities.

TP-22C Turbine Oil: The Correct Purchasing Criteria

Purificación de los demás aceites

One of the popular search phrases in search engines is “buy TP-22C turbine oil.” Every user entering that phase into the search line is looking for a specific search result.  Some want to compare the prices, while others want to know the parameters to consider when buying this type of oil.  There is no problem with the former, any search engine will readily offer many sales offers, the latter should be discussed in mode detail.  In most cases, one must browse through several pages to find the criteria for purchasing TP-22C type oil.  The minimum quality requirements when looking to purchase TP-22C are as follows:

  • De-emulsification This is important because condensed water may enter the oil.  The oil must be able to separate out the water and moisture;
  • Anti-corrosion  Water is one of the most dangerous contaminants in terms of facilitating corrosion and rust on metal surfaces.  TP-22C type oil should be able to efffectively prevent rust and corrosion;
  • Thermal and oxidation stability  Turbines usually function with high temperatures and high speeds.  Turbine oil should be able to withstand high temperatures while remaining stable and resistant to oxidation;
  • Service life  A turbine is usually equipped with a large oil tank containing several dozen liters of turbine oil.  The effective service life of the oil should be as long as possible since purchasing new oil every year will be very costly;
  • Good filtration ability  This parameter is directly related to the previous one. The oil can work for many years if it remains free from contaminants.  The oil’s ability to maintain its purity through filtration will help to keep the oil clean.

The following GlobeCore units are recommended for the filtration and purification of turbine oil:

  • Turbine oil filtration systems CMM-T.